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FUTURE ECO-INNOVATION MARKETS 2030

Dear respondent,

The Eco-Innovation Observatory is gathering information and opinions on future markets and trends of eco-innovation and would like to
consult eco-innovation community. The results will be used in our upcoming reports, including our flagship annual publication building
on the last year’s “Eco-Innovation Challenge”. The survey is entirely anonymous.

If you would like to view report of the basic analysis of all the previous answers click the "view report" tab in the upper left corner.
Return to the questionnaire by clicking the "query" tab in the upper left corner. Once you click the save button at the end of this
questionnaire, you can no longer alter your own responses, but you can still view report of all the responses given so far to the
questionnaire.

Thank you for your time and we are looking forward to your input!

EIO Project Team

The Eco-innovation Observatory (EIO) defines eco-innovation as any new or significantly improved product (good or service), process, organisational change or marketing solution that reduces the use of natural resources (including materials, energy, water and land) and decreases the release of harmful substances across the whole life-cycle. Eco-innovations can be implemented on the level of products, but also on the level of entire systems (e.g. cities, transportation systems etc).

Reasons for implementing eco-innovation

1. Companies that invest in eco-innovation, do so now and in 2030 because they want to (indicate up to three answers per column):

Now 2030
a) reduce their current operational costs, notably energy and material costs
b) improve their energy and material efficiency due to the risk of high future prices of energy and materials
c) improve their products and services, notably their energy performance
d) improve their image in the eyes of customers
e) develop radically new products and services, and gain new markets
f) be sustainable and therefore redefine their business models
g) comply with current and expected regulations
h) comply with sustainability criteria of their clients
 a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)

Growth rate of eco-industries

2. In 2008 the turnover of eco-industries in the EU-27 was estimated at around 320 billion €, up from around 230 billion € in 2004
(Ecorys et al., 2009 1). This equals a growth rate of 7-8% per year. Eco-industries offer goods and services designed with an objective to
clean up the environment (notably, pollution control and resource management). Eco-industries have been among the fastest growing
economic sectors in the world. In your view, how will this trend continue over the next 20 years?
2011-2020 2020-2030

Future leading eco-innovation sectors

3) In the following world regions, which 3 sectors will be leaders in implementing eco-innovative goods and services in 2030?
Europe
Asia
North America
South America
Australia & Oceania
Africa
Other?
Add a comment

4) By 2030, which sectors are most likely to have a leading role in implementing radical and incremental eco-innovations?
Radical eco-innovations are path breaking eco-innovations that can reconfigure entire markets, consumer behaviour and technological
systems. Incremental eco-innovations are small stepwise enhancements that will gradually reduce the energy and material cost of
companies and, at the same time, reduce the environmental impacts of societies and economies.

Rate the likelihood on a three-step scale, where 1 = least likely and 3 = most likely.
SECTOR RADICAL ECO-INNOVATIONS
 INCREMENTAL ECO-INNOVATIONS
Agriculture 123 123
Mining 123 123
Food and beverages 123 123
Textiles and clothing 123 123
Paper, wood and bio-based products 123 123

Chemical products, incl.plastics

 123 123
Mineral products 123 123
Basic metals and metal products 123 123
Computers and electronic products 123 123
Machinery and electrical equipment 123 123
Cars and other motor vehicles 123 123
Services, incl. maintenance and repair 123 123
Energy, incl. renewable energy 123 123
Water 123 123
Waste management 123 123
Construction 123 123
Wholesale and retail trade 123 123
Transportation and storage 123 123
Information and communication 123 123
Public administration 123 123
Human health 123 123
Other?
Add a comment

Collaboration

5. By 2030 companies from which sectors should collaborate in order to be most effective in developing and implementing radical
path breaking eco-innovations?

1st Coalition
2nd Coalition
3rd Coalition
Other?
Add a comment

Key eco-innovations for a resource efficient Europe

The European Commission has defined its vision for a resource efficient Europe as follows:

"The vision: By 2050 the EU's economy has grown in a way that respects resource constraints and planetary boundaries, thus contributing to global economic transformation. Our economy is competitive, inclusive and provides a high standard of living with much lower environmental impacts. All resources are sustainably managed, from raw materials to energy, water, air, land and soil. Climate change milestones have been reached, while biodiversity and the ecosystem services it underpins have been protected, valued and substantially restored." (EC 2011 2.)
6. In respect to the vision, what has been the most important eco-innovation introduced until now? Why? (You can view  previous
responses to this question by clicking the "view report" tab  in the upper left corner of this questionnaire)
Add a comment


7. In your view, what will be the most important eco-innovations likely to emerge in the future? Why? (You can view previous responses
to this question by clicking the "view report" tab in the upper left corner of this questionnaire)

Add a comment

Respondent information

8. I represent:

a) Small or medium sized company (less than 250 employees)
b) Big company (more than 250 employees)
c) Public administration
d) Research organisation or university
e) NGO

Other?

9. My organisation is from:

Other?

1Ecorys et al. 2009. Study on the competitiveness of the EU eco-industry. Rotterdam: Ecorys, Technolgisk Institut, Cambridge Econometrics,
CES Info, idea consult.
2EC (2011): Roadmap to a Resource Efficient Europe. Bryssels, 20.9.2011, COM2011_571. Available online:
[http://ec.europa.eu/environment/resource_efficiency/pdf/com2011_571.pdf]

The Eco-innovation Observatory is supported by:

FUTURE ECO-INNOVATION MARKETS 2030

Dear respondent,

The Eco-Innovation Observatory is gathering information and opinions on future markets and trends of eco-innovation and would like to
consult eco-innovation community. The results will be used in our upcoming reports, including our flagship annual publication building
on the last year’s “Eco-Innovation Challenge”. The survey is entirely anonymous.

If you would like to view report of the basic analysis of all the previous answers click the "view report" tab in the upper left corner.
Return to the questionnaire by clicking the "query" tab in the upper left corner. Once you click the save button at the end of this
questionnaire, you can no longer alter your own responses, but you can still view report of all the responses given so far to the
questionnaire.

Thank you for your time and we are looking forward to your input!

EIO Project Team

The Eco-innovation Observatory (EIO) defines eco-innovation as any new or significantly improved product (good or service), process, organisational change or marketing solution that reduces the use of natural resources (including materials, energy, water and land) and decreases the release of harmful substances across the whole life-cycle. Eco-innovations can be implemented on the level of products, but also on the level of entire systems (e.g. cities, transportation systems etc).

Reasons for implementing eco-innovation

1. Companies that invest in eco-innovation, do so now and in 2030 because they want to (indicate up to three answers per column):

Now 2030
  • 1 = a) reduce their current operational costs, notably energy and material costs
  • 2 = b) improve their energy and material efficiency due to the risk of high future prices of energy and materials
  • 3 = c) improve their products and services, notably their energy performance
  • 4 = d) improve their image in the eyes of customers
  • 5 = e) develop radically new products and services, and gain new markets
  • 6 = f) be sustainable and therefore redefine their business models
  • 7 = g) comply with current and expected regulations
  • 8 = h) comply with sustainability criteria of their clients
n=288, A=4.03, M=4.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=6.00
  • 1 = a)
  • 2 = b)
  • 3 = c)
  • 4 = d)
  • 5 = e)
  • 6 = f)
  • 7 = g)
  • 8 = h)
n=276, A=4.57, M=5.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=7.00

Growth rate of eco-industries

2. In 2008 the turnover of eco-industries in the EU-27 was estimated at around 320 billion €, up from around 230 billion € in 2004
(Ecorys et al., 2009 1). This equals a growth rate of 7-8% per year. Eco-industries offer goods and services designed with an objective to
clean up the environment (notably, pollution control and resource management). Eco-industries have been among the fastest growing
economic sectors in the world. In your view, how will this trend continue over the next 20 years?
2011-2020 2020-2030
  • 1 = CHOOSE
  • 2 = a) Turnover continues growing at a faster rate than in 2004-2008
  • 3 = b) Turnover continues growing at the same rate as in 2004-2008
  • 4 = c) Turnover continues growing but at a lower rate than in 2004-2008
  • 5 = d) Turnover stays at the current level
  • 6 = e) Turnover decreases at a low rate
  • 7 = f) Turnover decreases at a fast rate
  • 8 = g) I don't know
n=109, A=2.94, M=3.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=4.00
  • 1 = CHOOSE
  • 2 = a) Turnover continues growing at a faster rate than in the previous period
  • 3 = b) Turnover continues growing at the same rate as in the previous period
  • 4 = c) Turnover continues growing but at a lower rate than in the previous period
  • 5 = d) Turnover stays at the same level as it is at the end of the previous period
  • 6 = e) Turnover decreases at a low rate from the end year level of the previous period
  • 7 = f) Turnover decreases at a fast rate from the end year level of the previous period
  • 8 = g) I don't know
n=109, A=2.95, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=4.00

Future leading eco-innovation sectors

3) In the following world regions, which 3 sectors will be leaders in implementing eco-innovative goods and services in 2030?
Europe
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=11.81, M=14.00, Q1=7.00, Q3=14.00
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=11.20, M=13.00, Q1=7.00, Q3=15.00
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=11.87, M=14.00, Q1=7.00, Q3=16.00
Asia
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=8.69, M=10.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=14.00
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=8.84, M=10.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=13.00
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=9.06, M=10.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=15.00
North America
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=10.04, M=12.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=14.00
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=9.93, M=10.00, Q1=3.00, Q3=16.00
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=9.16, M=10.00, Q1=1.00, Q3=14.00
South America
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=6.05, M=3.00, Q1=1.00, Q3=8.00
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=5.30, M=2.00, Q1=1.00, Q3=8.00
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=7.15, M=4.00, Q1=1.00, Q3=14.00
Australia & Oceania
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=7.99, M=4.00, Q1=1.00, Q3=14.00
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=7.79, M=7.00, Q1=1.00, Q3=14.00
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=7.48, M=3.00, Q1=1.00, Q3=15.00
Africa
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=5.94, M=2.00, Q1=1.00, Q3=14.00
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=6.89, M=4.00, Q1=1.00, Q3=14.00
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=8.20, M=7.00, Q1=1.00, Q3=14.00

Other?

  • I don't know enoughon other markets
  • Asia, Europe, Australia, maybe all the lists countries: Land use and urban planning
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4) By 2030, which sectors are most likely to have a leading role in implementing radical and incremental eco-innovations?
Radical eco-innovations are path breaking eco-innovations that can reconfigure entire markets, consumer behaviour and technological
systems. Incremental eco-innovations are small stepwise enhancements that will gradually reduce the energy and material cost of
companies and, at the same time, reduce the environmental impacts of societies and economies.

Rate the likelihood on a three-step scale, where 1 = least likely and 3 = most likely.
SECTOR RADICAL ECO-INNOVATIONS
 INCREMENTAL ECO-INNOVATIONS
Agriculture
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=92, A=1.88, M=2.00, Q1=1.00, Q3=3.00
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=92, A=2.41, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=3.00
Mining
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=91, A=1.68, M=2.00, Q1=1.00, Q3=2.00
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=92, A=2.02, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=2.00
Food and beverages
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=90, A=1.99, M=2.00, Q1=1.25, Q3=2.00
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=91, A=2.31, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=3.00
Textiles and clothing
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=88, A=1.81, M=2.00, Q1=1.00, Q3=2.00
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=90, A=2.22, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=3.00
Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=85, A=2.31, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=3.00
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=91, A=2.16, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=3.00

Chemical products, incl.plastics
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=88, A=2.38, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=3.00
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=89, A=2.20, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=3.00
Mineral products
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=89, A=1.70, M=2.00, Q1=1.00, Q3=2.00
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=91, A=1.92, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=2.00
Basic metals and metal products
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=89, A=1.63, M=2.00, Q1=1.00, Q3=2.00
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=89, A=2.00, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=2.00
Computers and electronic products
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=93, A=2.22, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=3.00
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=86, A=2.30, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=3.00
Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=93, A=2.02, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=2.00
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=87, A=2.32, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=3.00
Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=100, A=2.40, M=3.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=3.00
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=87, A=2.25, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=3.00
Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=93, A=2.00, M=2.00, Q1=1.00, Q3=3.00
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=89, A=2.18, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=3.00
Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=98, A=2.58, M=3.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=3.00
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=89, A=2.44, M=3.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=3.00
Water
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=96, A=2.20, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=3.00
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=89, A=2.43, M=3.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=3.00
Waste management
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=97, A=2.29, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=3.00
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=89, A=2.27, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=3.00
Construction
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=96, A=2.02, M=2.00, Q1=1.00, Q3=3.00
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=87, A=2.26, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=3.00
Wholesale and retail trade
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=89, A=1.70, M=2.00, Q1=1.00, Q3=2.00
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=92, A=2.04, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=3.00
Transportation and storage
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=93, A=2.03, M=2.00, Q1=1.00, Q3=3.00
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=87, A=2.13, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=3.00
Information and communication
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=92, A=2.22, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=3.00
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=86, A=2.08, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=2.75
Public administration
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=89, A=1.80, M=2.00, Q1=1.00, Q3=2.00
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=90, A=2.16, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=3.00
Human health
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=95, A=2.07, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=3.00
  • 1 = 1
  • 2 = 2
  • 3 = 3
n=86, A=2.15, M=2.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=3.00

Other?

  • Traffic solutions will experience a radical change towards ecological solutions.
  • this is wishful thinking, get real
    very biased this questionaire you should be able to do better given the euros you put in your pockets
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Collaboration

5. By 2030 companies from which sectors should collaborate in order to be most effective in developing and implementing radical
path breaking eco-innovations?

1st Coalition
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=8.94, M=7.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=14.00
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=10.39, M=13.00, Q1=4.00, Q3=15.00
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=11.19, M=13.00, Q1=4.00, Q3=17.00
2nd Coalition
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=9.71, M=9.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=15.00
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=10.19, M=11.00, Q1=4.00, Q3=15.00
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=11.26, M=13.00, Q1=4.00, Q3=17.00
3rd Coalition
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=10.14, M=12.00, Q1=3.00, Q3=17.00
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=10.50, M=11.00, Q1=3.00, Q3=16.00
  • 1 = CHOOSE sector
  • 2 = Agriculture
  • 3 = Mining
  • 4 = Food and beverages
  • 5 = Textiles and clothing
  • 6 = Paper, wood and bio-based products
  • 7 = Chemical products, incl. plastics
  • 8 = Mineral products
  • 9 = Basic metals and metal products
  • 10 = Computers and electronic products
  • 11 = Machinery and electrical equipment
  • 12 = Cars and other motor vehicles
  • 13 = Services, incl. maintenance and repair
  • 14 = Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • 15 = Water
  • 16 = Waste management
  • 17 = Construction
  • 18 = Wholesale and retail trade
  • 19 = Transportation and storage
  • 20 = Information and communication
  • 21 = Public administration
  • 22 = Human health
n=109, A=10.76, M=13.00, Q1=4.00, Q3=16.00

Other?

  • Water - agriculture
  • many other coalitions are needed, eg for transport (ICT, governemnt, transport)
  • Rural- and urban planning - Construction - Food and beverage / Human health - various technologies - work-related sectors
    Question seems to be too broad to me. I could have visionized many different collaboration.
  • Energy/Transportation and Storage/Information and Comunication
  • got it
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Key eco-innovations for a resource efficient Europe

The European Commission has defined its vision for a resource efficient Europe as follows:

"The vision: By 2050 the EU's economy has grown in a way that respects resource constraints and planetary boundaries, thus contributing to global economic transformation. Our economy is competitive, inclusive and provides a high standard of living with much lower environmental impacts. All resources are sustainably managed, from raw materials to energy, water, air, land and soil. Climate change milestones have been reached, while biodiversity and the ecosystem services it underpins have been protected, valued and substantially restored." (EC 2011 2.)
6. In respect to the vision, what has been the most important eco-innovation introduced until now? Why? (You can view  previous
responses to this question by clicking the "view report" tab  in the upper left corner of this questionnaire)

  • sustainable urban design and planning (when applied!)
  • smart grids
  • Slow developemnt of renewable energy
  • photovoltaic electricity
    If it is included in buildings and associated with a high level of energy efficiency
  • bio-based energy
  • The concept itself
  • waste management
  • water/waste management
  • Smart grids
  • Green Public Procurement
  • Sustainable design and planning in the services and goods
  • Renewable energy
  • Solar energy, Photovoltaic
  • Renewable energy. Becuase the technology is ready in the market, improving all the time and it accounts for a significant amount of energy production already
  • Use of sustainable energy to limit global warming
  • redesign of product life cycle and waste management, because it reduces the use of materials and production factors since the beginning
  • Hydroelectric power generation
  • Cars and other motor vehicles
  • renewable energy
  • smart grids
  • Smart grids
  • construction
  • energy and renewable energy and waste management including reciycable
  • Some entanglements in eco-innovation business have been phase out.: Laws have been changed almost globally (common will and volition to save the earths nature). Also some kind of public support to eco-innovations and spohisticated technologies is evident. So, most important thing is understand humans ecological niche, then comes public governance, then business.
  • renewable energy
  • •The concept itself
  • Most important eco-innovation is and will be the electric cars with better batteries. That will reduce the worldwide CO2 emission emminently.
  • Solar panel. Provided, with sharply falling prices, means to tap inexaustable energy supply from sun. Become visible sign of personal eco investment on house & equipment. Compact versions spreading in dev'g world. PV technology evolving fast
  • LED
  • LED
    LED
  • LED
    LED
  • smart grid
  • the power and pervasiveness of computing and smaller and smaller processors
  • Sun based energy solutions including biomass based energy (apply photosynthesis thus sun)
  • The Smart grid
  • Smart grids
  • Most important eco-innovation is and will be the electric cars with better batteries.
  • renewable energy systems
  • Energy. The best progress
  • the concept itself
  • photovoltaic and smart grids
  • •water/waste management
  • lifeCycleTower by Cree/Rhomberg
  • car- and bike-sharing
  • soya-based, meat-replacing foodstuffs
  • wider use of renewable energy sources
  • Waste Management
  • Labor unions - since they efficiently reduce and outflag pollutiog production in Europe
  • Housing retrofit
  • Changing lifestyles, e.g. organic products are more demanded. Biofuel and bio-refinery industry is well-developing.
  • Waste recycling and bio-plastics & -fuels
  • no single dominant eco-innovation
  • renewable energy
  • Hybrid cars
  • IT for energy management - e.g. smart grid technology
  • solar energy, waste treatment
  • water, soil and air protection and prevention
    water, air ad soil protection eco-innvoation
  • waste management and recycling
  • integrated approach interoperability
  • Combined electricity and heat production, because it dramatically improves the efficiency of primary energy usage.
  • 2020
  • waste management
    includes reduction of toxic emissions to air and water
  • the concept of eco-innovation itself
    closed loop
    life-cycle analysis
    waste management
    sustainable, eco design principles
    funding for market ready eco-innovations
  • OLED
  • nanotech
  • low carbon energy
  • Smart grids
  • Cars
  • • no single dominant eco-innovation
  • Phytoremediation of organic wastes because it was the first precursor to understanding that there should be no such thing as waste in all human industrial ecologies.
  • Waste management incl sludge management
  • Waste management incl sludge management
  • commnunication
  • Industrial Symbiosis i.e. The National Industrial Symbiosis Programme (NISP)
  • life cycle thinking
  • waste management
  • The electric car due to its high impact potential on reducing transport emissions
  • renewable energies
  • Solar energy
  • none
    fat chance
  • Refer to Cradle to Cradle and Earth Inc
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7. In your view, what will be the most important eco-innovations likely to emerge in the future? Why? (You can view previous responses
to this question by clicking the "view report" tab in the upper left corner of this questionnaire)

  • change of lifestyles
  • green energy
  • CO2 free transportation systems
  • full eco-services
    Services ecologically designed and designed for ecological purposes
  • highly bio-degradabale plastics
  • energy efficiency
  • renewable energy
  • eco friendly transport
  • Multifunctional materials
  • Energy Efficiency Technologies, Renewable Energy Technologies in particular focusing on the transport sector
  • Economy will be driven by ecologicallyfit goods and services
  • Hyrdogen energy.
  • Smart grid enabling using batteries of electric cars as electricity stoirages
  • Electric car. The viable technology is almost there
  • Sustainable transportation i.e. steam engines etc and recyclable material for production of various products
  • I would hope in consumer behaviour, transport, energy use, food partterns all have large impacts that can be more easily migitated with a changing consumer behaviour
  • most important innovations will be linked to the green chemistry
  • Electricity radical improvements of generation and storage technologies
  • Energy, incl. renewable energy
  • change in consumers habits
  • change of lifestyles
  • Hybrid automobile
  • economic rates
  • we have to consider about the co2 and water
  • Human health innovations merge bio- and nanotechnology. Also habitation related innovations could be a hard stuff.
    Population ageing (human health and technoligies). Global food and beverage questions (habitation).
  • energy storage
  • eco friendly transportation
  • •change of lifestyles
  • Better batteries for electric cars, skyscracpers for aggriculture to reduce the worlds hunger.
  • education
  • Energy harvesting from human movement & machine/vehicle movement
  • somethig that has smething to do with energy...
  • somethig that has smething to do with energy...
  • various clean energy solutions related to construction and logistics
  • nanotechnologies and RFID
  • Water and waste management solutions
  • integrated smart grid /new truly sustainable energy sources
  • Innovations that woud minimize utilization of fossil fuels
  • change in consumers habits
  • drinking wate technology
  • sustainable consumption
  • Land and soil
  • new eco-services
  • eco friendly transportation and an overalll change in lifestyle and habits
  • motor vehicles / renewable energy
  • resource efficient construction
  • car-free lifestyles
    innovations that help to replace private cars by mroe intelligent solutions (car-sharing, car2go, bike-sharing, customized public transport, etc.)
  • smart grids
  • Cero Waste Approach
  • Automated non-emission vehicles in traffic allowing people to carry on moving about as they wish
  • Smart grid
  • more cooperative business models, integration of various industries for more efficient resource use
  • Eco-innovations related to renewable energy are most likely...
  • "artificial" food produced industrially without agriculture/aquaculture
  • change of lifestyle
  • renewable energy sources
  • water treatment technology - both radical and incremental innovations - to address shortages of water quality and quantity
  • nanotechnologies
  • New customerized services that dematerialize our economy
  • Energy and chemicals from renewable sources
  • integrated water management
  • Solar power, because the efficiency of solar panels improves rapidly and it provides truly sustainable energy. Another are zero-energy buildings, because they reduce energy consumption dramatically.
  • energy
    not burning oil, coal or gas anymore, best solution is nuclear energy (fusion)
  • green energy
    green plastics
  • smart grids
  • bioinformatics
  • water management, smart grids, tidal power, decarbonised/ natural plastics
  • Bio/nanotechnologies related with Food supply
  • Cars
  • • Bio/nanotechnologies related with Food supply
  • Use of biomimmicry in design because it changes what we think about how everything should be designed.
  • s
  • s
  • nano
  • Enhanced industrial symbiosis application
  • sustainable diet
  • green construction - zero emission buildings
  • Water management due to the expected shortages and the detrimental impact it would have on a large part of the world
  • biomaterials with a wide range of implementations
  • Solar house
  • hydrogen production and reactors
  • World wide implementation of models presented in Cradle-to-Cradle and Earth Inc
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  • MSYNnAMcMidquo
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  • IzTlOJGRN
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  • knNqoDVemBsGmrsTyI
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  • BeWAVAkiDARQddn
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Respondent information

8. I represent:

  • 1 = a) Small or medium sized company (less than 250 employees)
  • 2 = b) Big company (more than 250 employees)
  • 3 = c) Public administration
  • 4 = d) Research organisation or university
  • 5 = e) NGO
n=97, A=2.84, M=3.00, Q1=1.00, Q3=4.00

Other?

  • Student (university)
  • PhD candidate - Innovation Research
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  • QBdwzjOldw
  • TRHUXlMrxwompZK

9. My organisation is from:

  • 1 = CHOOSE EU-27 COUNTRY
  • 2 = Austria
  • 3 = Belgium
  • 4 = Bulgaria
  • 5 = Cyprus
  • 6 = Czech Republic
  • 7 = Denmark
  • 8 = Estonia
  • 9 = Finland
  • 10 = France
  • 11 = Germany
  • 12 = Greece
  • 13 = Hungary
  • 14 = Ireland
  • 15 = Italy
  • 16 = Latvia
  • 17 = Lithuania
  • 18 = Luxembourg
  • 19 = Malta
  • 20 = Netherlands
  • 21 = Poland
  • 22 = Portugal
  • 23 = Romania
  • 24 = Slovakia
  • 25 = Slovenia
  • 26 = Spain
  • 27 = Sweden
  • 28 = United Kingdom
n=109, A=12.23, M=9.00, Q1=2.00, Q3=22.00

Other?

  • Ukraine
  • Malaysia
  • Norway
  • Catalonia
  • India
  • Brazil
  • Turkey
  • Croatia
  • Mexico
  • Mexico
  • Ihobe; Ander Elgorriaga, Head of Sustainable Consumption and Production
  • USA
  • noway
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  • LxOmDpSw
  • mcUENZJAneC
  • bhDlhODpCrUoP
  • klgEeVHhwMT

1Ecorys et al. 2009. Study on the competitiveness of the EU eco-industry. Rotterdam: Ecorys, Technolgisk Institut, Cambridge Econometrics,
CES Info, idea consult.
2EC (2011): Roadmap to a Resource Efficient Europe. Bryssels, 20.9.2011, COM2011_571. Available online:
[http://ec.europa.eu/environment/resource_efficiency/pdf/com2011_571.pdf]

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